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逻辑错误模板
来源：法律驿站
Commonly Tested Logical Fallacies
这是我准备的针对argument一些错误的模板（参考新东方绿皮书和800score）：
1.“after this ,therefore,because of this”fallacy
First of all,the author assumes that B caused A . This argument commits the
fallacy of assuming that just because A follows B, the second event has been
caused by the first. The causal claim based on the correlation is premature
unless the author can rule out other factors. For example, perhaps...... Yet
another possibility is that...
2.The Insufficient Sample Fallacy
In the first place, the author provides no enough strong evidence to support the
claim that..... The example cited, that..... , while suggestive of this, is
insufficient to warrant the truth because there is no reason to believe that the
data from ..... is representive of the ...... For example....
3."All things are equal" fallacy
The author claims that... because...... This is an unwarranted assumption
because things rarelly remain the same from place to place/over extended periods
of time. Even... , but there are all kinds of difference betwee A and B, such
as.... We cannot safely assume that....
4.Inconsistent Fallacy
The major problem with the view expressed in the article is that inconsistent
recommendations are endorsed in the argument. On the one hand,...... On the
other hand, ...... Obviously.....cannot be expected to adhere to both of these
recommendations.
5."poll/study"fallacy
Second, the conclusion unjustifiably relies on the poll/study (that...). The
claim does not provide evidence to confirm the reliability of the poll/study,
because the poll/study fails to indicate who conducted the poll/study, who
responded, or how the poll/study was conducted to lend credibility to these
claims. Moreover, while the phrase"study/poll suggests" may appear........