溪水~竹园--pp2填空简洁解法

作者：溪水~竹园 2002-4-20 22:44:42 www.MicroEdu.com 溪水~竹园--pp2填空简洁解法
溪水~竹园于 2002-04-20 16:14:51 发表

No.
duty---mandate  义务---权利
gain currency 获得主流地位
inadvertent 未了到的
揭露真相，断然指出debunk….stating categorically
无条件的, 绝对的, 直接了当的(陈述、理论等)
preventive 预防性的
consciously 有意识的= deliberation
conciliatory 抚慰调和= compromise折中
apropos = propos恰当的
declined to do sth拒绝做
vital = important , superfluous = trivialities

5/the senator’s remark that she is ambivalent about running for a
second term
is ____given the extremely ____fund-raising activities of her
campaign   committee.
Persuasive….apathetic 有说服力的…..冷淡的
Given 表因果条件，有说服力的…..冷淡的没有说服力的…..关心的

4/in contrast to the ___with which the acquisition of language by young
children was once regarded, the process by which such learning occurs
has now   become the object of____.
A. Incuriosity …. scrutiny
B. reverence….admiration
C. anxiety….criticism
由in contrast to ，once….now become 反义时间对比寻反义词，所以A

5/Punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than
reward for   following them; thus, ____the rules goes almost____in society.
违反道德的惩罚比遵守道德的奖励更普遍；（重复上句）所以adherence to the rules goes   almost unnoticed

7/A unique clay disk found at the Minon site of Phaistos is often ____as the
earliest example of printing by scholars who have defended its claim to this
status despite equivalent claims put forward for other printing artifacts.
A. conceded不情愿地承认…是真的
B. adduced
C. dismissed
by的解体方法，by 后为学者。前填一学者动作，后又说defend, 所以填adduced 引证支持

8/distinctions---categories分类
9/figurative,metaphors ….ironically ….denotative,literal
10/objectively set standard can serve as a ____for physicians,
providing them
___unjustified malpractice claim.
客观公正的标准为内科医师提供了保护伞，保护他们免收不公正控告
safeguard….protection from

incisiveness有决断力的
necessitate reliance on必须依靠的
in spite of , far from , not like都意味着对立面反义词的出现
正如continue, remain前后会同义 become在前后会有反义
隐含比较结构beyond, different , compared with同级比较to the same
degree , as … as , similar to, analogous.
Well versed非常熟练的
So minutely do 过于琐碎的做什么

7/the National Archives contain information so___that researchers
have been
known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their
studies to an   end.
So…that因果结构，可知同报童贬，知信息有副面影响
所以选divisive分裂不和的（贬义）

6/he had excepted gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he
encountered   indifference bordering on hostility.
他满以为自己会因为告密而受到感激，但实际上他遇到的是近似敌意的冷漠

5/once Renaissance painters discovered how to ___volumn and depth , they were
able to replace the medieval convention of symbolic, two-dimensional space with
the more ___ illusion of actual space.
Replace A with B(用后者代替前者)
Render….realistic

4/the value o Davis’ sociological research is compromised by his unscrupulous
tendency to use materials ____in order to substantiate his own claim , while
____information that points to other possible conclusions.
Haphazardly 偶然的, 随便的….deploying
Selective….disregarding忽视
Arbitrarily任意地, 专横地….emphasizing
Modestly….refuting反驳
While 前后对比，前面substantiate his own claim，所以后应贬义,select
BD ,but 第一空
D不符，所以选B

rapid(飞速的)…对比sluggish
restive, restless不安宁，难驾御的
ambitious,ambiguous
unremitting adversity不间断的苦难
promoters 开发商
get long with relatives 和亲戚相处
evoke, evocative唤起的；激起的
evince=show,reveal 表示（情感）
her affinity with A 他对A很熟悉
attest to 证明
pioneering research = momentous finding 前沿研究，重要结果
tawdry statue俗丽的雕像
put up with 毫无怨言的忍耐
belied vigorous protestation 证明有力的狡辩为假
original原作=new edition新版本
frugal节约=a streak of prodigality一系列的挥霍
common speech = vernacular

6/if the state government’s latest budget problem were____,it would
not be   useful to employ them as ____examples in the effort to avoid the
inevitable   effects of shortsighted fiscal planning in the future.
A typical ….representative
B anomalous….illuminating
C Solvable….insignificant
条件句，好的条件导出好的结果，坏的条件导出坏的结果，由结果知not useful,所以第一个空填
贬义，选B

sketchy….fragmentary 粗略…支离破碎（表递近）
关键词：even more
complacent 自满的；compliance顺从
unctuous甜言蜜语的
metaphysics是一种philosophical bent

T1-T2
1.The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously _____
his or her
own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than
one whose
basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without _____.
Overcome .. deliberation(key)
哲学家宣称:在帮助一个人之前,有意放弃他自己的漠然心态的人将比没有经过思考,而允许这样的行为被执行的人要做得好.。
后一个空格  without deliberation和consciously相对。

2.In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying
to report   than are discredited hypotheses, but, in fact, the ____ of errors is
more     likely to be _____ than is the establishment of probable truth.
detection. .useful(key)
在科学研究中，支持一个现象比怀疑一个假设更加让人满意。但实际上，发现一个错误比建立一个真确的理论更加有用。
but引起的前后意思相反

3.Although skeptics say financial problems will probably ___ our
establishing a
base on the Moon, supporters of the project remain ___, saying that
human   curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.
prevent. .enthusiastic(key)  尽管反对者说财政问题将阻止我们在月球上建
立一个基地，这个计划的支持者仍然保持热情，说人们的好奇心会克服这样一个现实存在的限制。
although引起的前后反义

4.The state of a nation's science determines its prosperity and political
power, and scientists should not ___ this relationship even if their own
interest in science is of a less practical nature.
Overlook(key)
一个国家的科学状态决定了它的繁荣和政治力量，甚至在他们自己的科学兴趣是没有多少实际用途的，科学家们也不应该忽略两者间的关系。
and前后同义，even if 引出一个转折。

5.All ____ biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving
their possessors greater ___ the environment and those rendering them more
dependent of it.
beneficial.. control over(key)
所有有益的生物特性都属于两个范畴：一个是给所有者更大的控制环境的能力，另一个促使他们更加依赖环境。
分号后面的句子由and引起相对结构。一主两从的结构

6.Most histories of science are success stories that conclude on ____
note with
the final ___ of a theory that is the basis of subsequent inquiries
by later  researchers.
a triumphal.. ascendancy(key)
大多数科学的历史纪录是成功的历史故事，这样的历史故事是关于一个优势理论的获胜的纪录，这个理论是后来研究者调查研究的基础。
突破口：___ of a theory that is the basis of subsequent inquiries by
later   researchers.

7.Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the transition from medieval
_____experience to modern individualism, we confront an electronic
technology   that seems likely to reverse the trend, rendering individualism
obsolete and    interdependence mandatory.
literary  intuitive  corporate(key)  heroic  spiritual
伊丽莎白时代的人努力从中世纪的团结合作的经历转变到现代的个人独立主义，然而，我们面临这样一个电子科技，这个科技看起来要改变这个趋势，使个人主义显得过时而  互相依靠显得是必须的。  很简单，transition sth to sth；显然是转折；whereas引起转折
8.Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of
literature produced in the United States truly ___ a ____ literature,
or   whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.
constituted.. national(key)
二次世界大战之前，艺术理论仍然存在一个疑问，即文学体裁是真正的建立了一个全国性的文学，还是这样的文学只不过是英国文学的一个狭隘的分支。
or引起一个转折。national和a provincial branch 相对

9.In today's world, manufacturer' innovations are easily copied and
thus   differences between products are usually _____; advertisers,
therefore, are
forced to ____ these differences in order to suggest the uniqueness
of their'   products.
  slight. .exaggerate(key)
当今世界，制造商的创新很容易被复制，因此产品之间的差别通常很小；所以，广告者为了说明他们客户产品的独特性，被迫夸大这些区别。  easily copied因此differences minimal,因此 advertisers不得不exaggerate
10.The critics' evident _____ the new production was somewhat ____ by
their    high regard for the playwright's previous work.
hostility toward.. tempered(key)
批评家们对于这新作品明显得敌意被他们对这个剧作家以前作品的高度评价所缓和。  high   regard高度评价，第一个空格要么同义，要么反以
11.There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social
behavior and the values informing it that cannot be_____ from one or another
point of view, or even ___ as simplistic or vapid.
challenged.. dismissed (key)
仅供参考：  既然对于人的社会行为和价值并没有一个统一的说法,所以人的行为和价值就不能被其他人从另外的角度进行challenges甚至于只是简单的把它说成simplistic或vapid也不行！
even表示前后两句话的意思程度不同，注意。

12.What these people were waiting for would not have been apparent to
others   and was perhaps not very ___ their own minds.
definite  in(key)
这些人在等待的东西对其它人来说不是很明显，而且或许对他们自己的想法来说也不是很明确and并列。
13.The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba by using
hybridization  to
____ favorable traits was finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and
much   faster ____: the domestication of flourishing wild strains.
reinforce.. method(key)
通过杂交来加强一些人们想得到的特征的培育jojoba(一种灌木）的尝试被放弃了，取而代之的是一种更简单更快的方法：繁荣的野生品种驯化。  第一个因为有favorable所以应该选加强，第二空格method更合适一些和attempt对应。

14.In spite of the increasing ____ of their opinions, the group knew
they had   to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented.
polarity(key)
尽管他们观念的不断分化，这个团体知道他们不得不达成一致意见以便作出决定。in spite of引起转折，polarity和consensus相对

15.Supporters praised the mayor's action as a speedy and judicious solution,
but critics condemned it as ___ and unfairly influenced by recent events.
premature(key)
支持者赞扬市长的行动是一个迅捷而且公平的决定，但是批评家谴责这个决定，从目前的情况来看是早熟的，不公平的。  but引起前后相反
16.Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced, researchers have found
that, paradoxically, the __ disorientation inherent in jet lag also may yield
some mental health ___ .
temporal...benefits（key)
尽管经常乘飞机的旅行者仍然不确信，而相矛盾的是，研究者发现（人）因为飞行时差反应短暂的失去方向感可能产生一些对精神健康的好处。  因为although, paradoxically存在，
disorientation必然是产生好处，temporal可能是与jet lag有关。

17.Some artists immodestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of
their    work; yet others, ____ to exalt the role of the artist, reject a
transcendent   view of art.
disdaining(key)
一些艺术家不谦虚的把他们的作品理想化，或者夸大其重要性；然而，其他一些人，鄙视提高艺术作品角色的做法，抛弃艺术强势的观点
结构很明显，分号前后相对，画线处和reject应该同意。

18. Calculus, though still indispensable to science and technology,
is no   longer _____; it has an equal partner called discrete mathematics.
Preeminent(key)
尽管微积分对于科学技术来说仍然势必不可少的，但已经不在象以前那么卓越了。和它同等的有离散数学。  though产生一个转折关系，且no longer使画线处应该和
indispensable同义。

19.Usually the first to spot data that were inconsistent with other
findings  ,   in this particular experiment she let a number ___ results slip by.
anomalous(key)
通常，第一次确定的数据和其它发现使不一致的，在这个特定的实验中，她抛弃了一些反常的结果。

20.Despite its ____, the book deals ____ with a number of crucial issues.
尽管一些优点是存在的,这本书对于一些重大问题的讨论是不充分的。despite前后转折，同时前面一个空格应该是crucial issues的评价。所以选
virtues..
inadequately     -

21. Because the most recent research has ____ earlier criticism of
her work,    one has to conclude that scientists who persist in dismissing her
contribution   are either ____ the latest findings or simply obstinate.
invalidated.. ignorant of(key)
因为最新的研究证明早期对他工作的批评是无效的，有人下结论说，那些坚持轻视她的贡献的科学家们是对最新发现无知或者仅仅是固执。
persist说明科学家没有改变，而且是obstinate说明recent research是支持
her work

22.Today water is more ____ in landscape architecture than ever
before, because
technological advances have made it easy, in some instance even
_____, to   install water features in public places.
ubiquitous. .obligatory(key)
当今，水在风景建筑中比起以前变得更加无所不在，因为技术的进步使在公共场所安装水具变得很容易，某种程度上看起来像是必须要安装。
in some instances even引起一个递进关系

23.Babcock's criticism of the business practices of fellow merchants
was   colored by ____: the more successful the other entrepreneurs, the
more bitterly   they were ____.
jealousy. .castigated(key)
对于同道商人的商业实践的批评被妒忌所变色（掩盖）:其它企业家越是成功，他们将被更加严厉的批评。  冒号是一个递进关系，criticism所以后一个空格必然使和criticize同义的一个贬抑词

24.Though his contemporaries tended to fixate on the politician's
supposed ____, his personal correspondence ___ a surprising largess.
parsimony.. contradicts
avarice.. betrays(key)
尽管时人倾向于这个政客被假想的贪财，他的个人通信揭示了他令人吃惊的慷慨。
Though转折，第一个空格和largess反义，第二个空格有揭示,证明。。为假的意思。

25.In contrast to more ____ publications of ever narrower purview, the journal
Antiquity has remained as ____ as it was when it began, continuing to serve the
broader interests of the discipline of archaeology.
specialized. .idiosyncratic(key)
和永远有很窄的视界，更专业的出版物相比较，杂志《古代》还是保持它刚开始的一样折衷，继续服务于考古学原理的更加宽的兴趣。  in contrast to,前后对应，且ever narrower,所以前一空选specialized；又broader  interests of the discipline of archaeology本身就是 eclectic。

26.If the theory is self-evidently true, as its proponents assert,
then why   does  ____  it still exist among well-informed people?
opposition to(key)
如果和它支持者所说的，这个理论视不言自明的正确的，那么在知识广博的人们中间为什么还有反对呢？

27.Religious philosopher that he was, Henry More derived his conception of a n
infinite universe from the Infinite God in whom he believed, a benevolent  God
of ___ whose nature was to create ___.
plenitude.. abundance(key)
见国内题或最新题：（以下做参考）像他这样的宗教哲学家，HenryMore从他所信仰的无穷的上帝得到宇宙无穷的概念；这是  一个有创造富足自然能力的上帝。  Infinite后面应该选
plenitude..abundance

28.According to some experts, modern science as it emerged in the seventeenth
century was essentially a ____ calling: the culture of science was
more a  ____  than a departure from ecclesiastical traditions.
religious.. continuation of(Key)
由一些专家所知，现代科学，当它出现在17世纪本质上是宗教上的呼唤：科学文化是一个教会传统的延续而不是背离。  ecclesiatical教会的，所以第一个孔应该和宗教有关系，第二空格和 departure相对应  。

29.We first became aware that his support for the new program was
less than   ____ when he declined to make a speech in its favor.
wholehearted(key)
当他拒绝作一个赞扬这个新计划的演讲的时候，我们头一次意识到，他对于这个新计划的支持不是全心全意的。

30.Because of the excellent preservation of the fossil, anatomical
details of
early horseshoe crabs were __ for the first time, enabling experts to
____ the  evolution of the horseshoe crab.
clarified.. reassess(key)
因为有化石的完好的保存，早期horseshoe crabs(一种海洋节肢动物）的构造上的细节第一次被弄清楚，从而使专家重新评估horseshoe crab的进化。
31.Nothing ____ his irresponsibility better than his ____ delay in
sending us  the items he promised weeks ago.
epitomizes.. unnecessary(key)
reveals. .conscientious（尽责的）
没有什么能比他几个星期前答应送给我们东西，却故意拖延，更加能够体现不负责任。justify证明..正确

32.The few dozen gray seals that have thus far died of canine distemper can,
at least for now, be considered ___, since most of the remaining
200,000 gray  seals appear uninfected by the disease.
anomalous(key)
既然大多数剩下200,000灰海豹看起来没有被这种病毒感染，少量灰海豹死于canine distemper  can,至少在目前，被认为使反常的。  前后截然不同，since，表示反常；反常这个答案ETS常出。

33.A century ago the physician's word was ____: to doubt it was
considered  almost sacrilegious.
incontrovertible(key)
respectable
一个实际以前，内科医生的话是无可争辩的：怀疑这些话将被认为会遭受天谴。  因为doubt，所以空格出填doubt的同义或反义词，根据句子意思，应该是反义词。

34.So much of modern fiction in the United Stated is
autobiographical, and so
much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the ___ sometimes seem
large ly
___.
genres..interchangeable(key)
在美国，如此多的现代小说是自传体的，如此多的自传是虚构的，以致两个体裁看起来大部分可以互换的。  由全句意思，fiction和autobiography有关系，所以是interchangeable，并且它们都是一种genre

35.Prior to the work of Heckel, illustrations of fish were often beautiful but
rarely ____; this fact, combined with the ____ nature of most nineteenth-
century taxonomic(分类学) descriptions, often kept scientists from
recognizing  diffe  rences between species.
Precise ..inexact(key)
distinctive.. sophisticated
在Heckel的工作之前，对于鱼的描述是美丽的但是很少是精确的；这个事实，和大多数19世纪分类描述的不精确的本质相结合，经常使科学家们无法区分不同的品种。  两个空格应该同义，而且，keep ..from recognizing differences所以应该是不精确。
36.Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the
cosmos outdated  and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of ____ interest.
historical(key)
astronomical
因为现代科学家发现古稀拉关于宇宙的观点是过时的不重要的，所以他们仅仅把它看作  是一个历史的兴趣。  modern, 看ancient显然是historical interest

37.The challenge of interpreting fictional works written under politically
repressive regimes lies in distinguishing what is ____ to an author's
beliefs  , as opposed to what is _____ by political coercion.
organic. .imposed(key)
翻译在压制政体下所写的小说作品的挑战来自于区分那些是作者本来的信仰，哪些是被  政治压迫所强加的，这两者正好相对。  Opposed to引起一个对应，作者的本意和政治压迫对应。

38.Although the intellectual and artistic achievements of this ancient
civilization were, even by modern standards, extraordinarily ____,
its level of
technical and mechanical development was by no means ___ to that of
modern  technology.
primitive.. superior  diverse.. inimical  sophisticated .. comparable
(key)
primeval.. equivalent  influential.. subordinate
尽管这古文明的智力和艺术成就，从现代的标准来看，也是特别精细的，它的技术机械  发展水平绝对不能和现代科技想比较。] Although表转折

39.Although the genetic explanation of why some people are right-
handed whereas
others are left-handed is plausible, it has been effectively ___ by
experiments
in which genetically ____ mice showed different paw preferences.
challenged..
indistinguishable(key)
尽管遗传学上的解释一些人右手性的而另一些人是左手性的是合理的，该解释已经被试验所合理的怀疑，在这个试验中，遗传上没有区别的老鼠表现出不同的爪子趋向。Although表转折，前面说explanation合理后面就应该是反对..反对就是indistinguishable mice也是different的。

40.While T.S.Eliot maintained that poets themselves were the best _____ of _
___, C.S.Lewis opposed this view, declaring that one did not have to
be a trained chef to be a discriminating gourmet.
critics ..verse(key)
T.S.Eliot主张诗人本身是最好的评论家，而C.S.Lewis反对这个观点，宣称（一个人）不  必被从一个厨师训练成一个有区别能力的美食家。C.S反对的是一个比喻，所反对的内容就是T.S坚持的观点。Ets出的阅读中有时候也喜欢用比喻，难。     --
41.Paradoxically, altruism may in fact be ____ if it aids only one's
close  relatives.
selfish(key)
相矛盾的是，利他主义如果仅仅只是帮助亲密的亲属的话，实际上是一种自私的行为。

42.The discipline of sociology has finally achieved a degree of
consensus:
however ____ their individual interpretations and emphases might be,
most  sociologists now ____ a single broad conception of the field.
different .. share(key)
社会学的信徒最后到达这么一个程度的一致意见：无论他们的解释和强调是多么的不同，现在大多数社会学家有一个共同的单一的宽广的这个领域的概念。冒号后面是对前面的注释，however引起一个转折，different转折之后就是share

43.Chinese art has no ___ the powerful explicit anti war paintings of
the West,
but _____ subtlety and indirection to express political thought.
panacea for..passes by  diversion from defers to  counterpart for ..
relies on
(key)  intimation of ..alludes to  derivative of .. refrains from
中国的艺术品没有这样一个西方的画的对应，这个对应是强有力的清楚的反战的，但是  只依赖于微妙的不直接的表达政治思想。  Chinese art和 paintings of the West相对，显然就应该选counterpart，前面说no e  xplicit antiwar，后面就应该indirection表达political  thought

44.Breakdowns in communication between intimates may occur because
the ____ of  the relationship, ironically, may ____openness.
  closeness. .discourage(key)
密友之间交流的崩溃可能是因为亲密的关系，讽刺的是，可能阻碍坦诚。

45.Often the argument against philanthropy has the effect of ____ the
character  of philanthropists but not necessarily ____ their work: they may have
done good  in spite of themselves.
impugning ..discrediting(key)
通常反对仁爱的言论有指责慈善家的效果，但是不必要鄙视他们的工作：（工作）尽管  ..已经产生了好处。  they done good,所以not discredit,转折之前就应该是 impugn

46.The novelist devotes so much time to avid descriptions of his characters'
clothes that the reader soon feels that such ____ concerns, although
worthy of  attention, have superseded any more directly literary aims.
didactic  syntactical  belletristic  sartorial(key)  frivolous
这个小说家花了如此多的时间致力于生动的描述他的角色的衣服，以至于读者很快感觉到这样一个裁缝的关心，尽管值得注意，已经部分替代了直接的文学目的。  sartorial:裁缝的，认识这个单词就可以了

47.Ecologists who believe that naturally occurring fires can often
____ an  ecosystem are worried by calls for a policy of ____ all forest
fires.
benefit.. suppressing(Key)
一些生态学家相信自然产生的火通常能对一个生态系统产生好处，一个关于消灭所有森林火灾的呼吁是他们感到担忧。worried所以前后意思相反 ,select有益的….压制/ 有害的….促进,  符合条件的只有一个

48.Mathematicians have a distinctive sense of beauty: they strive to
present  their ideas and results in a clear and compelling fashion, dictated
by ____ as  well as by logic.
aesthetics(key)
数学家们有截然不同的美感：他们努力表达他们的想法和结果，清楚的，吸引人的式样，被美学同样也被逻辑所决定。  前面出现beauty,且和logic想对，所以选aesthetic

49.Carruthers' latest literary criticism ____ her reputation for trenchant
commentary; despite its intriguing title and the fulsome praise on
its dust  jacket, it is nothing more than a collection of ____.
belies.. platitudes(key)
Carruthers最近的文学评论和她锐利评论的名声不相符合；尽管在封皮上有诱人的标题和过度的赞扬，它只不过是一些陈词滥调的集合。
despite.....表转折

50.The ___ of gambler' unsuccessful decision strategies is one ____ of the
illusions built into games of chance in order to misguide players and take
their money.
maintenance.. function(key)
赌徒的不成功的战略的保持起一种暗示的功能，这种暗示的建立是为了误导参与者并且骗走他们的钱。  In order to misguide players和illusions是一种同义对应分析定语选名词

51.That the new group was unable to weather its first staff meeting without
evidence of the same ____ that its creation was intended to abolish
did not  ___future harmony among coworkers.
Factions ..augur(key)
这个新团体不能预测他们第一次全体会议,没有证据表明分歧的建立是为了废止分歧,因此, 将不能预测到将来的共同工作中的和谐。  that引起长长的从句做主语，绕了好多圈  unable to  weather后面也应该是did not augur，既然不能harmony所以是factions abolish without  evidence

52.The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with
equal  devotion to abstract ____ is a hallmark of our present society; in
the past  this union appeared, at best , ____ and as if by chance.
generalization.. sporadically(key)目前流行的联合会，是一些关于细节事实的热情的兴趣，这些事实都被同等的致力于抽象概括，这
些联合会使我们现代社会的象征；在过去，这些联合会看起来，最多是零星的，就像偶然的出现。
现在与过去比较：现在prevailing，过去就是sporadically and by chance;第一个空  abstract generalization很好

53.The author did not see the ___ inherent in her scathing criticism
of a  writing style so similar to her own.
incongruity(key)
symbolism 象征主义；synbiosis共生
作家没有看出内在的不同，在他对一个和她自己的很相似的风格的伤害性的批评。  有人模仿他的风格，他就骂，实际上incongruity inherent

54.The author is ____ to identify any particular principle as
fundamental,  insisting instead that it is only when viewed within specific
contexts that  principles can be ____.
loathe .. assessed(key)
作家憎恨把所有特别的原理认为是基本的，作为代替的是，他坚持仅仅当在特定的上下文时被考虑，原理才能被评定。Instead表转折，就是特定情况specific can be assessed;而且前者显然是表现主语的主观状态，应该选reluctant或者loathe这样的词

55.As ___ as she was to the widespread dissatisfaction with her performance  on
the job, it is no wonder that she greeted the news of her dismissal with   ____.
Oblivious .astonishment(key)
就像她对广泛得对她在工作中的表现不满不知晓的情况一样，她对她被解职的消息表现的震惊就一点也不奇怪了。  As ___ as，前后必然同义

56.The scientist found it puzzling that his rival's theory retained
its  ____despite widespread suggestions that it was now ____.
currency. .moribund(key)
该科学家奇怪的发现她对手的理论仍然保持流行，尽管流行的说法说它是垂死的。despite显然应该是相反的意思.
57.In keeping with the well-established custom（传统） that even the most
favorable review should include some ____, the reviewer follows her _____ the
book's  prose with some objections to its implementations of theory.
reservations .. praise of(key)
为了和建立的很好的习惯保持一致，最好的评论也该保持一些节制，这个评论家在批评了该散文集的一些理论的实施之后，又赞扬了它。（Customer顾客Follow BA ）

58.Even among those findings in the field of nuclear physics that have ___,
many have been subject to repeated challenges on the basis of new evidence.
arisen  survived(key)  declined  been proposed  been questioned
即使这些发现是在存在很久的核科学领域中，许多人已经确定的在一些新证据的基础上不断地提出挑战。  Even 表转折，new对survived

59.The economists were ____ to find that the theory that they had considered
_____crumbled when modern techniques for economic modeling made it possible to
make new kinds of observation that contradicted its fundamental assumptions.
stunned. .invulnerable(key)
经济学家吃惊的发现这样一个理论，当现代对经济模型的技术使得建立一个和原来基本的假设相矛盾的新的观察成为可能的时候，他们原来认为坚不可摧的理论，事实是脆的。Considered AB  invulnerable和crumbled相对，所以吃惊

60.One reason for the development of junior high schools in the United States
was ____: these schools provided an efficient and inexpensive way to avoid
overcrowding in the high schools.
expediency(key)
在美国，低级高中的发展的一个原因是方便：这些学校提供一个有效的便宜的方法，从而避免高中的人口爆满。（ Expediency方便；权宜之计  ）
61.Even though some of the variables identified in Chang's study of
personality  types are inherently ____, the application of that study's results
predicts  human behavior with considerable ____.
nebulous..specificity(key)
尽管一些辨别chang对于人格类型的研究的参数从本质上是模糊的，这个研究结果的对于人类行为预测的采用被认为是明确的。Even though表转折，两个空填反义词。

62.Just as the author' book on eels is often a key text for courses
in marine  vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny
___  teaching in this area
inform(key)
就像这些作者关于鳗鱼的书通常是关于海洋脊椎动物学的关键的课本，他们关于动物发展和发展史的观点为这个领域提供了教学。 just as并列

63. Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by
men, but  this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ___
fact, a  bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
18世纪的小说女作家写的比男作家多，但是直到最近，这些优势才被认为仅仅是统计学上的事实，一种有点神秘的指导仅仅被书志学家所记载。开始看见recently以为是时间对比题，后看见bibliographer当然选statistical

64.Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cause child
prodigies  to ____ the world of achievement before reaching adulthood; happily,
they  sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.
retire from(key)
通常在公众眼中成长的困难使少年天才在成年之前就消隐了；让人高兴的是，他们后来又回到了竞争并且取得成功。
return to 和retire from 相对应。

65.That many lawyers have acquired a reputation for ____ even the most solemn
and binding undertakings does not ____ discovery of attorneys devoted
to both  legal and ethical right.
subverting.. preclude(key)
许多律师因为推翻了最神圣和束缚的重压，赢得了一个名声，这些并不能排除这样一个发现，律师致力于法律和伦理两个方面的合理性。
律师致力于legal使显然的，是否致力于ethical,前后意思相反（难题找词）

66.While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents
the need  to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense
of  maintaining a vast net work of roads ____reliance on these general taxes.
necessitates(key)
有些认证论说对高速公路的用于征加通行费用将避免提高关于公路维护的公众税收的需要，然而，保持一个庞大的公路网的明显的使得依赖于一个通常的税收是必须的。while转折，前面说circumvent后面就是necessitate

67.The skeleton of ____ bird that was recently discovered indicated that this
ancient creature ____ today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds and unlike
reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head
a primeval.. obscured
a primitive.. anticipated (key)
早期鸟的骨架的最近被发现，指出古代生物预示了今天的鸟类，和更加早的鸟类和爬虫类的祖先不同，它头部没有牙齿。ancient后者modern，第一个空显然选择primeval,或者primitive，看后面这个鸟和earlier  birds不同，和today的相同了

68.According to one political theorist, a regime that has as its goal
absolute  ____, without any ____ law or principle, has declared war on
justice.
supremacy.. suppression of
autonomy.. accountability to(key)
通过一个政治理论家可以知道，一个政体如果以它自己的目的为绝对权威，对于法律或者准则无任何责任，就已经在像正义宣战了。 That引出一个分句，后面还有一个without应该意思一样的；declare war on justice必然是没有服从法律和准则

69.The remark was only slightly ____, inviting a chuckle, perhaps,
but  certainly not a ____.
humorous.. guffaw(key)
这些话仅仅有一点点幽默，或许导致了一些轻笑，但肯定不是哄堂大笑。chuckle前面就是slightly humor,后面not guffaw

70.Estimating the risks of radiation escaping from a nuclear power plant is
___ question, but one whose answer then becomes part of a value- laden,
emotionally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant.
a technical(key)
估计从一个核电厂逸出的辐射的危险是一个技术问题,但是一个答案变成了部分价值负担，在情绪上是充满的感情提出政策的关于是否修建这样一个点场的讨论。

71.Our highly ____ vocabulary for street crime contrasts sharply to
our ____  vocabulary for corporate crime, a fact that corresponds to the
general public's  unawareness of the extent of corporate crime.
differentiated.. limited(key)
我们高度丰富的关于街道犯罪的词汇，和我们十分有限的团体犯罪词汇相对照，是一个和普通大众对法人犯罪的程度的不关心的事实。  contrast to前后相对，从后面句子看出，highly---  contrasts ---limited

72.In modern English very few verb forms can be surely identified as
subjunctives, and the use of those few is so irregular that ____
criteria for  appropriate usage are hard to infer.
definite(key)
在现代英语中，很少有动词形式能被肯定的用作虚拟语态，如此少的用途是如此的不规则以至于(确定的)合适用途的标准是很难被推断的。irregular和definite相对，so … that 结构

73.Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent surrealism
in a  photograph as a curse rather than a blessing; magazine photographers,
in  particular, consider themselves ____ to the extent that they can ____
its  presence in their photographs.
Fortunate .. minimize(key)
专业摄影师一般把想偏重不谨慎的超现实主义看作是一个诅咒而不是一个祝福；特别是杂志摄影师，认为在他们的摄影中能够尽可能减少超现实主义的存在时非常的幸运的。
magazine是一种professional photographer，所以他们的态度是一样的。

74.Doors were closing on our past, and soon the values we had lived by would
become so obsolete that we would seem to people of the new age as ___ as
travelers from an ancient land.
quaint(key)
时间对比题关于我们过去的门正在被关闭，不久我们曾经所习惯的价值观将变得如此过时，以至于我们被新时代的人看作是古代来的古怪的旅行者。  obsolete, ancient的东西对于new age 选quaint比较合适

75.Mechanisms develop whereby every successful species can ____ its
innate  capacity for population growth with the constraints that arise
through its  interactions with the natural environment.
enhance  replace  produce  surpass  reconcile(key)
机制的发展使得每一个品种能够调和它内在的人口增长的容量和来自于它和自然环境之间的相互作用的限制。 reconcile ...with....

76.It was not the ___ of great wealth-jewels, limousines, palatial
houses-that
enticed him; rather, he was ___ by the illusion of complete freedom
that   unlimited financial resources created.
trappings. .seduced(key)
并不是那些巨大的财富，比如珠宝，汽车，洋房吸引了他；然而，他是被完全的无限的财政资源的创造所吸引。  entice显然前后都应该是吸引。

77.Ability to ___ is the test of the perceptive historian; a history , after
all, consists not only of what the historian has included, but also ,in some
sense, of what has been left out.
select(key)
选择的能力是历史学家洞察力的检测；一段历史毕竟不仅仅包括历史学家所需要的，而且，某种意义上来说是要被抛弃的。  not only ..but also的意思既是select

78.Although the ____ of cases of measles has ___, researchers fear
that  eradication of the disease, once believed to be imminent, may not
come soon.
incidence. declined(key)
虽然麻疹病例的一项范围已经减小（即可研究的项目以不多），但是研究者还是害怕这种疾病的消灭，曾经被相信是即将来临的，可能不会那么快到来。从researchers的担心可知，前半句就应该是incidence decline ，researchers要研究病，所以怕它消失

79.Although it seems ____ that there would be a greater risk of serious
automobile accidents in densely populated areas, such accidents are
more likely  to occur in sparsely populated regions.
axiomatic(Key)
尽管看起来是显而易见的，在人口稠密的地区将会有更大的严重的汽车事故的危险，然而，这样的事故更容易在人口稀疏的地方发生。
Although表转折

80.Because art is a ____ form of human expression ,the artist's
approach to  creation is ____ personal experience.
Dispassionate （平心静气的）.. influenced
Subjective ..colored
因为艺术是人类感情的主观形式，艺术家创作的方法时受到个人经历的影响的。  art和 personal experience有关，所以是subjective

81.When a person suddenly loses consciousness, a bystander is not expected  to
___ the problem but to attempt to ____ its effects by starting vital functions
if they are absent.
Diagnose ..counter(key)
一个人突然失去知觉时，旁观者并没有被指望来诊断问题但是如果他们在场，就要努力通过激起生命功能来消减它的效果。
But引起的一个转折对应

82.To label the 1950's in the United States a "golden age" is somewhat ____;
general prosperity increased but the gains made by women in the workplace
during the Second World War were ____.
misleading. .eroded(key)
把50年代的美国标记成黄金时代稍微有点错误；大众繁荣增长了，但是二战中妇女在工作岗位中获得的利益削弱了。后半句本身有个转折but------- increased 对应 eroded

83.Many of the towns that have voted to keep incinerators in the county's solid
waste plan have done so not because they necessarily ____ incinerators,  but
because they are ____ to narrow their waste-disposal options.
favor. .inclined
approve of .. loath(key)
这个镇的很多人支持保持县处理垃圾计划中的焚烧场，并不是他们必须赞成焚烧场，而是因为他们不情愿削减他们的垃圾处理的选择权。
but引起一个转折

84.It was lack of ecological awareness that initially allowed physicians to
view the new "miracle-cure" antibiotics as a permanent ___ to bacterial
infections rather than ____ victory over such diseases.
alternative.. a major
solution .. an interim(key)
reaction.. a strategic
最初医师们把新的奇迹般医疗效果的抗生素看作使细菌感染的永久解决方案，而不是再这样的疾病上的阶段性胜利，这样做是缺乏生态学警惕性的。  permanent对interim

85.The senator's attempt to convince the public that he is not interested in
running for a second term is ____ given the extremely ___ fund- raising
activities of his campaign committee.
futile..clandestine
specious（外观美丽，实际不好）apathetic （不感兴趣）
disingenuous..public(key)
该参议员企图使公众相信他对在任一期不感兴趣使虚伪的，特别是他的竞选委员会公开的筹募资金活动说明了这一点。  从第一个空上来讲，futile和disingenuous都可以；只是第二空选clandestine使得逻辑上稍微不合理了。

86.The essays gathered in the volume are characterized by ___ that
____ their  disparate origins.
unity.. belies(key)
an incompatibility. .disguises （二空改成reveal就对了）（两空一起填的题）收集在这一册中的文章被赋予一致特性的，这一点说明他们分散的来源是假的。

87.Though he refused any responsibility for the failure of the negotiations,
Stevenson had no right to ____ himself: it was his ____ that had caused the
debacle.
absolve. .acrimony(key)
尽管Stevenson拒绝承担任何关于这次协商失败的责任，他没有权力赦免他自己；就是因为它的尖刻导致了这次协商崩溃。Though引起一个转折，所以应该选absolve；后面好选。

88.To this reviewer, Esterman's play was a thoroughly ____ exercise:
both its  laughter and its tears seemed equally ___.
  artificial. .specious(key)
对于这个评论家来说，Esterman's的剧本一个彻底的虚伪的练习：它欢乐和它的眼泪两者都同样的表面上的。  前后同义  （两空一起填的题）

89.Although a change in management may appear to ____ a shift in a
company's  fortunes, more often than not its impact is _____.
augur inconsiderable(key)
although引起前后意思转折  尽管在管理上的一个改革可能会预测到公司命运的转变, 它的冲击是不值得考虑的  more often than not = more often

90.Journalists often described the incumbent senator as politically
____,  despite the fact that his record had established him as a more ____
assessor of political possibilities and personalities than either of his
opponents had    shown themselves to be.
naive..shrewd(key)
inept..inexperienced
Despite引起前后反义，naive<>shrewd （两空一起填的题）新闻记者经常把在位的议员描述成政治上的新手，尽管这样一个事实存在，他的档案已经使他成为一个政治事件和人格特征上的精明的顾问，而不是像他的反对者们所显示的一样。

91.During a period of protracted illness, people who are sick can become
infirm, ____ both the strength to work and many of the specific skills they
once possessed   regaining  denying  pursuing  insuring  losing(key)
在一段长期的病痛中，病人变得很虚弱，失去了原来具有的工作能力和很多特别的技能。 Become infirm，losing ……一个意思。

92.For centuries animals have been used as ___ for people in experiments to
assess the effects of therapeutic and other agents that might later
be used  in  humans.
precedents ---法律上的先例
surrogates(key)---代用品；代理人
几个世纪以来，动物在试验中被作为人的替代者来评估医疗措施和其他方法的有效性，这些有可能以后被用在人的身上。  动物代替人。

93.Candidates who oppose the present state income tax must be able to
propose  ____ ways to ____ the financing of state operations.
innovative. .alleviate
alternate. .continue(key)
那些反对现在的州立税收收入的候选人，必须能够挤出一个替代的方法来维持现在的政府的经济运行。

94.Social tensions among adult factions can be ____ by politics, but
adolescents and children have no such ____ for resolving their
conflict with  the exclusive world of adults.
adjusted. .mechanism(Key)
在成人派系种的紧张压力可以被政治所调节，但是青少年们没有这样的机制来解决他们与排外的成人世界的冲突。
But转折，adult和adolescents对应，adjusted和resolving对应

95.Exposure to low-intensity gamma radiation slows the rate of growth
of the  spoilage microorganisms in food in much the same way that the low
heat used in  pasteurization ____ the spoilage action of the microorganisms in
milk.
inhibits(key)
暴露在低密度的嘎玛射线中，减缓了在食品中起腐蚀作用的微生物的生长速度，这和在巴氏杀菌法中用较低的热量来阻止在牛奶中微生物的破坏活动，基本上是一样的。  The same way所以slow和inhibit对应

96.In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity: it can
be efficient only if it has been ___ without loss from primeval times to the
present practitioner.
Conventionalized
transmitted (key)
manipulated
在一些文化中，魔术的精华来自于他传统的完整性：仅仅在从古代到现代的从业者的传送中没有损失的条件下，才能有效。  Transmit from … Too…冒号之后对前面的解释

97.Kagan maintains that an infant's reactions to its first stressful
experiences are part of a natural process of development, not harbingers of
childhood unhappiness or ____ signs of adolescent anxiety.
Prophetic(key)  normal  monotonous  virtual  typical
Kagan坚持说婴儿对于首次压力的反映部分来自于自然的发展过程，而并不是童年痛苦的预兆，也不是青春期焦虑的预兆。  Harbinger = prophetic signs关系简单

98.Physicists rejected the innovative experimental technique because,
although  it ____ some problems, it also produced new ____.
resolved. .complications
物理学家丢弃了这种新颖的试验技术，因为尽管它解决了一些问题，它也执照了一些新的麻烦。

It 代表innovative experimental technique
Although引起转折，句子总的意思是rejected …

99.Marison was a scientist of unusual ____ and imagination who had
startling  success in ____ new and fundamental principles well in advance of
their general  recognition.
insight..discerning(key)
Marison是一个有非凡洞察力和想象力的科学家，他在辨别一些新的和基础的理
论并且推动了他们的一般认识上取得了惊人的成就。  Insight，imagination大大赞扬的意思，简单。

100.Documenting science's ____ philosophy would be ____, since it is almost
axiomatic that many philosophers use scientific concepts as the foundations
for their speculations.
influence on ..superfluous(key)
印证科学对于哲学的影响是多余的，因为很多哲学家采用科学概念作为他们研究
的基础是显而易见的。  Axiomatic和superfluous对应      区别于superficial 表面的

101.Her ____ should not be confused with miserliness; as long as I
have known  her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need.
frugality(key)
她的节俭不能和吝啬混淆起来；据我我知，她一直很愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。  Frugality和miserliness褒贬相对应，as long as 是一个注释  区别于mercy仁慈；profusion 丰富，浪费

102.Although ancient tools were ___ preserved, enough have survived
to allow us  to demonstrate an occasionally interrupted but generally ____
progress through  prehistory
rarely.. continual(key)
尽管古代的工具很少被保存下来，足够的工具已经保存下来使我们能够证实史前是时代一个偶尔的中断但是一般是连续的过程。  although,引起一个转折，后面but又是一个折

103.In parts of the Arctic, the land grades into the land fast ice so
____ that  you can walk off the coast and not know you are over the hidden sea.
imperceptibly(key)
在北极的部分地区，陆地逐渐变化成和陆地一样坚硬的冰是如此的不能被察觉到，以至于你能够沿着海滩走，但是不知道你已经在隐藏的海上了。So… that : not know 所以前面选择so imperceptibly

104.It is puzzling to observe that Jones's novel has recently been criticized
for its _____ structure, since commentators have traditionally argued that
its most obvious ____ is its relentlessly rigid, indeed schematic,
framework（结构）.
lack of . .flaw(key)
令人吃惊的是，约翰的小说最近被批评说缺乏结构，然而，评论者传统的认为它最明显的错误是无情的僵化，真正有系统的，有结构的。  Traditionally认为是rigid framework，令人吃惊的是现在lack of structure

105.The spellings of many Old English words have been ____ in the living
language, although their pronunciations have changed.
Preserved(key)
许多旧英语中的词汇的拼写在现存的语言中被保留了下来，尽管他们的发音已经改变了。Although表转折，保留和改变相对应

106.In the machinelike world of classical physics, the human intellect appears
____, since the mechanical nature of classical physics does not ____ creative
reasoning, the very ability that had made the formulation of classical
principles possible.
anomalous..allow for(key)
在经典物理像机器一样的世界中，人类智慧显得如此反常，因为经典物理的自然机制不允许创造性的推理，这是一种使经典原理可能性系统化的能力。 machinelike一样的经典物理classical physics，所以dose not allow for creative  reasoning

107.For some time now, _____ has been presumed not to exist: the
cynical  conviction that every body has an angle is considered wisdom.
disinterestedness(key)
对现代来说，无私被认为是不存在的：最愤世疾俗的想法认为每一个人都有一个缺点被认为是至理名言。  每个人都有angle，所以disinterestedness不存在

108.Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the ramifications of the
economic  policy have been ____ by his wholehearted acceptance of that policy's
under   lying assumptions.
undermined(key)
不幸的是，他对于经济政策的分歧的毁灭性的攻击被他对该政策基本假设的全心全意的接受推翻了。  前后意思相反，加上unfortunately的提示，选择undermined比较好!

109.The characterization of historical analysis as a form of fiction
is not  likely to be received ____ by either historians or literary critics,
who agree  that history and fiction deal with ____ orders of experience.
enthusiastically..shifting
passively（被动，顺从的）..unusual
sympathetically..distinct(key)
contentious（有争议的）..realistic
把历史分析描述成一种小说虚构将不会被历史学家和文学评论家同情的接受，他们都同意历史和小说处理完全不同的经验规则。  XXX不能被接受，也就是XX和XX是distinct的!

110.The state is a network of exchanged benefits and beliefs, ____
between  rulers and citizens based on those laws and procedures that are ____
to the  maintenance of community.
a reciprocity.. conducive(key)
政府是一个利益和思想的交换网络机构，在那些有利于维持这个社会的法律和程序的基础上的一种互惠主义。  Network of exchanged benefits和reciprocity对应，而且是conducive(有益于)

111.An investigation that is ____ can occasionally yield new facts,
even  notable ones , but typically the appearance of such facts is the
result of a  search in a definite direction.
unguided(key)
一个没有指导的调查偶尔也能够产生新的事实，甚至是一些著名的事实，但是这些事实的出现典型的是一个明确方向的研究的结果。
A→B ,but B by C  所以Unguided和definite direction对应                        A            C

112.In come as no surprise that societies have codes of behavior; the
character  of the codes, on the other hand, can often be ____.
predictable
unexpected(key)
社会有行为准则并不让人吃惊；另外一个方面，这些行为的特征通常可能是未料到的。  No  surprise和unexpected对应，注意到on the other hand表转折

113.In a ____ society that worships efficiency, it is difficult for a
sensitive  and idealistic person to make the kinds of ____ decisions that alone
spell  success as it is defined by such a society.
pragmatic. .hardheaded(key)
在一个崇尚效率的实际的社会中，对于一个敏感而且又理想化的人来时做出一能够保证想这个社个会所定义的那样的成功的精明的决定是不可能的。  Worship efficiency既是pragmatic， alone spell success是个hardheaded decisions  worship崇拜;崇拜仪式

114.During the 1960's assessments of the family shifted remarkably,
from  general endorsement of it as a worthwhile, stable institution  to
widespread  ____ it as an oppressive and bankrupt one whose _____  was both
imminent and  welcome.
censure of ... dissolution   (key)
60年代，对家庭评价改变的非常显著，从普遍的认为其是一个有价值，稳定的机够到广为传播的将其责难为一个令人压抑的，毫无价值的机构，并且家庭的解体被认为迫在眉睫而且大受欢迎shift from .... to  从general endorsement 到 , widespread ____ ，可以得到 censure
115.The ___ of mass literacy coincided with the first industrial revolution；
in turn, the new expansion in literacy, as well as cheaper printing,
helped    to nurture the ___ of popular literature.
emergence. .rise(key)
大众文学出现和第一次工业革命时间上是一致的；在顺序上，在文学上新的膨胀，就像更加便宜的印刷一样，帮助支持了流行文学的增长。  分号前后两个句子是一个意思.  in turn ---依次，表并列递近

116.The pressure of population on available resources is the key to
understanding history; consequently, any historical writing that
takes no  cognizance of ___ facts is ___ flawed
demographic. .intrinsically(key)
了解人口的压力on可利用资源是理解历史的关键；因此，一些历史作品没有认识到人口现象本质上是错误的。  Population对应demographic，关系明确A→B, ~A→~B

117.Like many eighteenth-century scholars who lived by cultivating
those in   power, Winckelmann neglected to neutralize, by some ____ gesture of
comradeship, the resentment his peers were bound to feel because of
his ____  the high and mighty.
propitiatory.. involvement with(key)
像很多18世纪通过排那些有权力的人马屁的学者一样，Winckelmann通过一些同志般的，和解的姿态，忘记了调和因为他和高层有权力的人纠缠而他的同僚产生的怨恨。Neutralize the  resentment既是propitiatory( 安抚，和解)

118.During the opera's most famous aria the tempo chosen by the orchestra's
conductor seemed ____, without necessary relation to what had gone before
capricious (key)
在这个歌剧大多数著名的独唱曲中，被这个乐队指挥家所选的拍子，因为没有那些必要的和以前的联系，看来是多变且不可预料的。  Without relation所以capricious

119.The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly
____ source  of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.
inexhaustible(key)
热带雨林绝对的种类繁多，代表了一个诱人的取之不尽的未加工资源，仅仅一部分已经被利用了。  A seemingly inexhaustible 和 a few相对应

120.Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual,
historians of the 1960's portrayed him as ____ thinker, eager to fill
the young  with his political orthodoxy while censuring ideas he did not like.
a doctrinaire(key)
和把Jefferson看作是怀疑的但是进步的知识分子不同，60年的的历史学家把他描述成一个教条主义的思想家，喜欢把他的政治上正统的观点灌输给青年们，而谴责那些他不喜欢的思想。  Fill  … with …orthodoxy说明选择doctrinaire好一些     --

121.Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases,
acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary
diseases that are ____ would be expected to be very ____, but, surprisingly,
they are not.
lethal..rare(Key)
自然选择看起来要消灭那些引起遗传疾病的遗传因子，在最大程度上抵抗那些严重的疾病；结果是，那些致命遗传病，被认为是很少的，但是，令人吃惊的是，却不是这样的。  Natural  selection使得lethal diseases expected to be rare..

122.To have true disciples, a thinker must not be too _______: any effective
intellectual leader depends on the ability of other people to _______ thought
processes that did not originate with them.
idiosyncratic .. reenact （重组，在制定）(key)
为了有真正的信徒，思想家不能太古怪了：任何有效的聪明的领导人依赖于其他人的重组那些不属于他们的思想过程的能力。  Not originate with them所以reenact，总之选别的都不是很好！

123.In the midst of so many evasive comments, this forthright statement,
whatever its intrinsic merit, plainly stands out as ____.
an anomaly(key)
在中世纪如此多的普遍的评论中间，这个直接的评论，无论他的内在价值如何，很清楚的展现象一个反常的东西。  Whatever引出一个转折，forthright和anomaly相对应

124.Our biological uniqueness requires that the effects of a substance must be
verified by ____ experiments, even after thousands of tests of the effects of
that substance on animals.
human(human)
我们的生物唯一性要求一种物质的效用必须被人类实验所证明，甚至是再经过的对该物质在动物身上千万次的试验以后。  Human和animals对应

125.For years manufacturers have tried to make chocolate synthetically,
with____ success, because chocolate contains hundreds of substances
and no one   knows which are responsible for its ____ flavor.
little.. distinctive(key)
多少年以来，制造商已经努力综合巧克力，但是取得的成功不大，因为巧克力含有千百种的物质，没人知道那一种对他独特的味道起作用。  No one knows说明little success，而且have   tried也暗示了little success

126.By forcing our surrender to the authority of the clock,
systematic  timekeeping has imposed a form of ____ on society
tyranny(key)
通过强迫我们屈从于时钟的权威，系统时间保持法已经把一种压迫强加给了社会。  Authority和 tyranny对应

127.The meeting seemed ____, not just because decisions were made
with  excessive deliberation, but also because the director was so ____ as
to provoke  extremely lengthy debate.
interminable. .tendentious(key)  无尽头….有偏见
endless. .amenable（有责任的）
该会议看起来没有尽头了，不仅仅是因为制定决定需要过多的考虑，而且是因为指导者是如此的偏见激发了特别长的争论。  Not just ，but also并列，同时指出前一个空是interminable

128.The reception given to Kimura's radical theory of molecular evolution shows
that when ____ fights orthodoxy to a draw, then novelty has seized a ood chunk
of space from convention.
invention (key)
对于Kimura激进的分子演化理论的态度表明，当创新和正统斗争到一个结论，创新就从传统中得到了大块的空间。  Invention fights orthodoxy

129.Although they were not direct ___, the new arts of the Classical
period   were clearly created in the spirit of older Roman models and thus
____ many   features of the older style.
copies.. maintained(key)
尽管他们不是直接的拷贝，这个经典时期的新的艺术很明显的在古老的罗马精神基础上创造的，因此保留了很多旧时代风格的特征。  Although引起一个转折，虽然没直接的copies但间接的拷贝了，还是maintain了原来的很多特征。

130.Overall, the evidence was inconclusive as to whether the adjustment to the
inflated estimates would ____ their accuracy or instead ____ the actual   amount.
improve. .understate(key)
总的来说，该证据是不完整是因为这个夸张评估的调节是是提高了他们的精确性，还是低估了事实的数据。  看到adjustment 就应考虑选一个“变”的词，要么变好，要么“变”坏，所以肯定是 improve  和understate 又因为，Instead前后意思相反！

131.Perhaps there is a shortcoming in the script, but the film's poor
reviews  may also be a function of one or two _____ casting decisions in an
otherwise  ____ production.
faulty. .solid(key)
在剧本上可能有一个错误，这个电影的可怜的评论也能也起到了一两个错误的作用，导致了在某种意义上僵化生产的决定。  Shortcoming和faulty对应，后面就应该是贬义的词，虽然但是。

132.As a means of ____ a tempestuous confrontation, the labor
arbitrator  advised the opposing parties to ____ their positions.
Appraising（评价）..soften
Defusing（去掉…雷管）. .moderate(key)
作为一种缓和暴乱冲突的的方法，劳工仲裁者建议反对党节制一下他们的立场。  Defuse a  tempestuous confrontation既是moderate positions

133.One of archaeology's central dilemmas is how to reconstruct the
___ of  complex ancient societies from meager and often _____ physical
evidence.
riddles. .obsolete
intricacies. .equivocal(key)
patterns.. flawless
一个考古学上的中心困境是如何从少量而且经常模糊不清的物质证据上来重建复杂的古代社会的精细之处。  Dilemmas，所以后面的intricacies和meager and often equivocal对应

134.That she seemed to prefer ____ to concentrated effort is undeniable;
nevertheless, the impressive quality of her finished paintings
suggests that  her actual relationship to her art was anything but ____.
dabbling.. superficial(key)
她宁愿浅尝则止而不愿努力的倾向是不可否认的，然而，它所完成作品的动人的质量暗示她真正的艺术关系不是肤浅的。
Was anything but ____. (否定空格)
was nothing but ____. （肯定空格）

135.Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial
reason for  the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically
run work
groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent of ten prevents ____.
Schism (key)
cooperation
落后的独裁的经历很少认识到这样一个关键性的原因，在被民主运行的工作组里严重的冲突在低的水平之上：稍微容忍一下不同一下将会防止严重分歧。  Schism是一个严重的conflict

136.The natures of social history and lyric poetry are ____, social
history  always recounting the ____ and lyric poetry speaking for unchanging
human

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